Elements of Levels of Change:
| Need | Level of change | Approaches/tactics |
| New mission, different ways of doing things | Values, culture, style of management | Organizational development |
| New corporate perspective/strategy | Objectives, corporate strategy | Strategic planning |
| Organization structure | New organization design | |
| Improved competitive effectiveness (existing products and services) | Competitive strategies, strategic positioning, systems and management roles | Empowerment; management by objectives, performance management, job descriptions, policies |
| Improved efficiencies | Business processes | Business process re-engineering |
| Functional strategies, activities, organization of tasks | Method study, job enrichment |
Principle:
Categorised in terms of significance
Issues:
(Daft, 1983) 4 types of change:
- Technology
- Product/service
- Administrative
- Attitudes (related change)
Forces for change: Technical, PESTLE, Globalisation, Organisational, Increasing strategic awareness (managers and employees ambitions)
Resistance for change: Threat, Habits, Fear, Organisation structure, Perceived flaws or weaknesses
Applications:
To determine best change approach
Source of Levels of Change:
(Thompson & Martin, 2005)